Infertility, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy

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Miscarriage

Australia

• Australian Journal of General Practice
  • Clinical care for women seeking pregnancy after miscarriage [2024]

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Pre-pregnancy lifestyle characteristics and risk of miscarriage: the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health [2022]

• Queensland Health
  • Early pregnancy loss

Australia, New Zealand

• Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
  • Progesterone support of the luteal phase and in the first trimester [2018]

Canada

• Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
  • Vaginal Micronized Progesterone Capsules for the Prevention of Miscarriage and Preterm Birth: A Review of the Clinical Evidence [2014]

• CMAJ
  • Diagnosis and management of early pregnancy loss [2024]

Ethiopia

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Trends and determinants of pregnancy loss in eastern Ethiopia from 2008 to 2019: analysis of health and demographic surveillance data [2022]

Europe

• European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
  • Terminology for pregnancy loss prior to viability: a consensus statement from the ESHRE early pregnancy special interest group [2015]

Finland

• Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
  • National register data are of value in studies on miscarriage-Validation of the healthcare register data in Finland [2022]

France

• International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
  • Fetal death: Expert consensus of the French College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2025]

Ghana

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Beyond counting induced abortions, miscarriages and stillbirths to understanding their risk factors: analysis of the 2017 Ghana maternal health survey [2021]

Hungary

• Scientific Reports
  • Post-conception heat exposure increases clinically unobserved pregnancy losses [2021]

India

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Pregnancy outcomes among Indian women: increased prevalence of miscarriage and stillbirth during 2015-2021 [2023]

• BMC Women's Health
  • Understanding trimester-specific miscarriage risk in Indian women: insights from the calendar data of National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) 2019-21 [2024]

International

• Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
  • Predictors of successful expectant and medical management of miscarriage: A systematic review [2024]

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Factors affecting the emotional wellbeing of women and men who experience miscarriage in hospital settings: a scoping review [2022]

• Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
  • Methods for managing miscarriage: a network meta-analysis [2021]

• Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
  • Pesticide exposure and spontaneous abortion risk: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]

• Frontiers in Nutrition
  • Relationship between maternal caffeine and coffee intake and pregnancy loss: A grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation-assessed, dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies [2022]

• Human Reproduction Update
  • Advanced paternal age is associated with an increased risk of spontaneous miscarriage: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]

• International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis
  • The risk of venous thromboembolism in early pregnancy loss: Review of the literature and current guidelines and the need for guidance - Communication from the SSC on Women's Health Issues for thrombosis and haemostasis [2022]

• PLoS ONE
  • COVID-19 and cause of pregnancy loss during the pandemic: A systematic review [2021]

• Vaccine
  • Spontaneous abortion and ectopic pregnancy: Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of maternal immunization safety data [2017]

Ireland

• Reproductive Health
  • Miscarriage hospitalisations: a national population-based study of incidence and outcomes, 2005–2016 [2019]

Israel

• JAMA Network Open
  • Rates of Spontaneous Abortion in Israel Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic [2023]

Jordan

• Medicina
  • Understanding Miscarriage Prevalence and Risk Factors: Insights from Women in Jordan [2024]

Kazakhstan

• Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
  • Epidemiology of spontaneous pregnancy loss in Kazakhstan: A national population-based cohort analysis during 2014-2019 using the national electronic healthcare system [2023]

Nepal

• PLoS ONE
  • Factors associated with miscarriage in Nepal: Evidence from Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys, 2001-2016 [2024]

Norway

• BMJ
  • Role of maternal age and pregnancy history in risk of miscarriage: prospective register based study [2019]

• PLoS Medicine
  • Risk of miscarriage in women with chronic diseases in Norway: A registry linkage study [2021]

Portugal

• Frontiers in Public Health
  • The psychological impact of Early Pregnancy Loss in Portugal: incidence and the effect on psychological morbidity [2023]

Republic of Korea

• BMC Public Health
  • Pregnancy loss and Income in the Republic of Korea using National Health Insurance Service Data, 2008-2014 [2022]

South Asia

• Lancet Planetary Health
  • Estimation of pregnancy losses attributable to exposure to ambient fine particles in south Asia: an epidemiological case-control study [2021]

• Nature Communications
  • Open fire exposure increases the risk of pregnancy loss in South Asia [2021]

Sweden

• Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
  • The association of smoking, use of snuff, and preconception alcohol consumption with spontaneous abortion: A population-based cohort study [2023]

United Kingdom

• BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
  • The cost-effectiveness of progesterone in preventing miscarriages in women with early pregnancy bleeding: an economic evaluation based on the PRISM trial [2020]

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Predicting outcomes of expectant and medical management in early pregnancy miscarriage using machine learning to develop and validate multivariable clinical prediction models [2025]

• BMJ
  • Defining safe criteria to diagnose miscarriage: prospective observational multicentre study [2015]

• British Journal of General Practice
  • The Pregnancy Loss Review: what does it mean for general practice? [2023]

• Department of Health and Social Care
  • Pregnancy Loss Review

• Health Technology Assessment
  • Mifepristone and misoprostol versus placebo and misoprostol for resolution of miscarriage in women diagnosed with missed miscarriage: the MifeMiso RCT [2021]
  • Progesterone to prevent miscarriage in women with early pregnancy bleeding: the PRISM RCT [2020]

• Journal of Pregnancy
  • Expectant Management of Miscarriage in View of NICE Guideline 154 [2014]

• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
  • Management of miscarriage [2023]
  • Progestogens for preventing miscarriage: Ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage: diagnosis and initial management [2021]
  • 2021 exceptional surveillance of ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage: diagnosis and initial management (NICE guideline NG126) [2021]

• NHS England
  • National pregnancy and baby loss people policy framework [2024]
  • North West Management of Second Trimester Pregnancy Loss Integrated Care Pathway [2022]
  • North West Management of Second Trimester Pregnancy Loss Guideline [2022]

• Reproduction and Fertility
  • Did the NICE guideline for progesterone treatment of threatened miscarriage get it right? [2022]

• Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
  • Surgical Management of Miscarriage and Removal of Persistent Placental or Fetal Remains [2018]

• Royal College of Pathologists
  • Guidelines on autopsy practice: Fetal autopsy of 2nd trimester fetal loss (excluding termination of pregnancy for congenital anomaly) [2024]

United States

• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
  • Improving Access to Mifepristone for Reproductive Health Indications [2018]

• American Society for Reproductive Medicine
  • Miscarriage or Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL)

• Cureus
  • Spontaneous Miscarriage Management Experience: A Systematic Review [2022]

• EClinicalMedicine
  • Gestational exposure to fatal police violence and pregnancy loss in US core based statistical areas, 2013–2015 [2021]

• Human Reproduction
  • Association between preconception paternal health and pregnancy loss in the USA: an analysis of US claims data [2021]

• JAMA
  • Trends in the Use of Mifepristone for Medical Management of Early Pregnancy Loss From 2016 to 2020 [2023]

• JAMA Network Open
  • Outcomes After Early Pregnancy Loss Management With Mifepristone Plus Misoprostol vs Misoprostol Alone [2024]
  • Early Pregnancy Loss Management in the Emergency Department vs Outpatient Setting [2023]

• National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
  • Pregnancy Loss (Before 20 Weeks of Pregnancy)

• National Perinatal Association
  • Care of Women Presenting to the Emergency Department with Pregnancy Loss [2017]

• Society of Family Planning
  • Society of Family Planning Clinical Recommendation: Medication management for early pregnancy loss [2025]

• StatPearls
  • Early Pregnancy Loss (Spontaneous Abortion)

WHO

• World Health Organization
  • Managing incomplete abortion [2008]

{Related topics}

• Topic
  • Uterine fibroids
  • Stillbirth, perinatal mortality, neonatal mortality
  • Recurrent miscarriage
  • Premature labor, preterm delivery
  • Maternal and neonatal infections
  • Infertility
  • Bleeding in pregnancy, placenta diseases